<p>Riverside Cemetery is a cemetery located in Jackson, Tennessee. It is located few blocks south of the Madison County Courthouse, separated from Riverside Drive by a five-foot-high red brick wall.</p><br>
<p>The City of Jackson established Riverside Cemetery in 1824 to replace the original municipal graveyard founded a few years earlier. Most remains from the earlier cemetery were reinterred at Riverside, either when it opened or in 1871-72. The oldest legible marker is for Mary Jane Butler (died 1824). Riverside Cemetery holds approximately 4,000 graves, but only 3,000 markers remain. It is estimated that there are 200 unmarked burials, including approximately 100 Confederate soldiers who died during the war, plus slaves buried prior to 1865. Riverside continues to accept a limited number of burials from families whose plots have space.</p><br>
<p>Riverside Cemetery was listed in the National Register of Historic Places on 9 May 2003.</p><br>
<p>The Luna Jacal or Luna&#39;s Jacal was the residence of Gilberto Luna, a Mexican pioneer farmer in the area of Texas that would become Big Bend National Park. The jacal, an indigenous Tejano dwelling suited to the desert environment, was built about 1890 with a low sandstone and limestone wall about 4 ft, with forked poles set upright into the walls, supporting roof poles. The house backs up to a large boulder. A heavier line of poles extends the length of the jacal. The roof was made of ocotillo branches weighted down with earth and stones, presently replaced with an inappropriate soil-cement roof. Luna raised a large family at the jacal, peacefully coexisting with otherwise hostile Comanche who used the Alamo Creek area as a war trail. Luna died there in 1947 at age 108 or 109.</p><br>
<p>Luna&#39;s jacal was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in November 8, 1974. It was restored in 1971 and again stabilized in 1983.</p><br>
<h2>Luna and the Comanche War Trail</h2><br>
<p>The write-up for the National Register of Historic Places states</p><br>
<p>While a popular story associated with the jacal, some doubt exists that Gilberto Luna lived at the jacal while the Comanche War Trail was active.</p><br>
<p>The NRHP write-up uses the Road Guide to Paved and Improved Dirt Roads of Big Bend National Park as source material, originally published in 1980. As late as the 1987 revision of the guide this same verbiage is intact, but in the 2010 revision of the guide, the verbiage had been removed.</p><br>
<p>In the book Exploring The Big Bend Country an interview by Peter Koch with a grandson of Luna, Demencio C. Luna Jr., puts Luna&#39;s arrival at Alamo Wash after the close of the Comanche Trail:</p><br>
<p>The book A Guide to Hispanic Texas says Luna’s Jacal was built about 1900, which agrees with Gilberto Luna’s grandson’s claim, and years after the last band of Comanches moved to the Fort Sill reservation in Oklahoma in 1874-75.</p><br>
<p>Lake Henshaw is a Reservoir in San Diego County, California</p><br>
<p>at the southeast base of Palomar Mountain, approximately 70 miles northeast of San Diego, California and 100 miles southeast of Los Angeles.</p><br>
<p>The lake covers approximately 1,140 acres and holds 55,000 acre.ft of water when full (lowered in 1978 from its original capacity of 203,581 acre.ft out of earthquake concerns), in addition to groundwater stored in its local basin. It drains an area of 207 square miles square miles at the source of the San Luis Rey River.</p><br>
<p>The lake was constructed in 1923 with the building of Henshaw Dam, an earth dam 123 ft tall and 650 ft long. It is owned by the Vista Irrigation District and used primarily for agricultural irrigation.</p><br>
<p>The lake features excellent opportunities for fishing for both catfish and carp. Boats are available for rental through the general store nearby. There are cabins available for rent as well as a restaurant. It also is the site of The Carp Throwdown fly fishing tournament held there every year by The Fly Stop. There is also a large presence of weekend motorcycle bike groups on day rides nearby.</p><br>
<p>The Caverns Historic District comprises the central developed area of Carlsbad Caverns National Park. The complex was built between the early 1920s and 1942, initially in Pueblo Revival style, and later in New Mexico Territorial Revival style in the area around the natural entrance to Carlsbad Caverns. The earlier structures are built of local limestone, the later buildings in adobe. Thirteen buildings in the district are considered contributing structures. Buildings built between 1940 and 1942 were constructed with labor provided by the Civilian Conservation Corps.</p><br>
<h2>Design</h2><br>
<p>Early planning for the development of the park started with work by Daniel Ray Hull of the National Park Service Landscape Engineering Division in Los Angeles, who established the Pueblo Revival style in the park. Thomas Chalmers Vint continued Hulls work from the divisions new location in San Francisco, renamed the NPS Western Field Office, as its chief. During survey work in the caverns, Vint slipped and fell, breaking his leg. A cowboy named Jim White was sent for help, which arrived after several hours. Vint had to make a long train ride to El Paso, Texas to have his leg set. The incident highlighted the need for safe, well-planned visitor accommodations in the park.</p><br>
<p>The rustic designs proved popular with park visitors and became a feature of the park. A similar structure was built in the town of Carlsbad as a residence for the park superintendent.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Bunk House and Mess Hall, NPS Building 16 The Pueblo style building was designed by Thomas Chalmers Vint of the National Park Service and was built in 1932 by Armstrong and Armstrong contractors of Roswell, New Mexico. The building incorporates a 1927 residence designed by park superintendent Thomas Boles. The one-story building is on several levels following the contour of its hillside site, with eleven original rooms. A lounge space, now known as the "chapel," featured a higher level of finish.</p><br>
<p>Employee Residence, NPS Building 6 was designed in 1927 by Thomas Boles as a residence for cave guides. Buildings 7, 8 and 9 are substantially similar, all in Pueblo Revival style. They were enlarged under the direction of Thomas Vint in 1932.</p><br>
<p>Employee Residence, NPS Building 13 was designed by Vint in 1931, enlarged to a duplex in 1932 and eventually converted to a men&#39;s dormitory.</p><br>
<p>Employee Residence Duplex, NPS Building 14A/B was designed as two connected residences by Vint in 1932.</p><br>
<p>Employee Residence, NPS Building 15 was designed by Vint in 1932. Like Buildings 13 and 14, it was built by Armstrong and Armstrong. All of these buildings are in matching stone Pueblo Revival style.</p><br>
<p>Powerhouse: The center portion was designed in 1928 by Vint, with wings added for shops in 1931, in Pueblo GRevival style. The building was converted to a maintenance shop and storage area.</p><br>
<p>Multiple Dwelling Unit 1 and 2, NPS Buildings 25-A/B/C and 28-A/B/C These triplex residences were designed by architect Ken Saunders of the NPS Santa Fe office and revised by Lyle E. Bennett in Territorial Revival style in 1940-42, in a landscape designed by J.C. Miller, and were built by the Civilian Conservation Corps.</p><br>
<p>Warehouse, NPS Building 26 was designed by Saunders in 1941 in Territorial Revival style and built by CCC labor. Building 27, a garage, was also probably designed by Saunders</p><br>
<p>An elevator building for access to the caverns was completely enclosed by the 1957 park visitor center. Other buildings, now demolished, included a concessions building, built in 1928, and operated by the park concessioner, the Caverns Supply Company.</p><br>
<h2>Landscaping</h2><br>
<p>The parking terraces were designed by A.W. Burney of Yellowstone National Park&#39;s engineering division. Construction was supervised by park superintendent Boles, who was also an engineer. The terraces are designed to fit the local environment with rustic stone walls and landscaping with native plants. A cactus garden was established at the end of the parking area, designed by Park Service architect W.G. Carnes, incorporating a prehistoric mescal pit. A switchback trail leads to the natural cave entrance, with other footpaths and terraces to the residences and the administration building.</p><br>
<p>An amphitheater, built 1963-1966 to allow visitors to view evening bat flights, continues the design tradition, blending with earlier construction.</p><br>
<h2>Civilian Conservation Corps</h2><br>
<p>A Civilian Conservation Corps camp was established at the separate Rattlesnake Springs unit of Carlsbad Caverns National Park in 1938. The arrival of the CCC coincided with a shift to Territorial Revival style architecture in the park, incorporating adobe construction. The camp remained until 1942, when it was disbanded.</p><br>
<h2>Recent history</h2><br>
<p>The ticket office, chief ranger&#39;s house, concessions building-comfort station, original powerhouse and the nursery-kennel building were demolished between 1959 and 1974 as intrusions in the area of the natural cave entrance. By 1984 the removal of toilet facilities was regretted, and a rustic stone structure was built near the bat flight amphitheater.</p><br>
<p>The Caverns Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on August 18, 1988.</p><br>
<p>"Meadowlawn", also known as the "Hagood House"&#39;, is an antebellum plantation house, built in the Greek revival style, in Lowndsboro, Alabama, United States. It is a contributing property to the Lowndesboro Historic District, which was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 12, 1973.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The plantation of Meadowlawn was built in 1853 for Squire George Thomas (1797-1867). The house was later sold to Fort Williamson. In 1905 the home was sold to Ransom Meadows, born June 18, 1846, died February 2, 1940. He was the last surviving Confederate veteran in Lowndes County. His daughter, Aline Meadows, born February 16, 1880, died February 16, 1979, married Robert Bragg Hagood on April 3, 1907 in Lowndes County, Alabama. It is to this couple that Ransom Meadows deeded the house. To honor her father, Mrs. Hagood renamed the house "Meadowlawn." She lived in the house until her death at age 99. The house still remains in the Hagood family today.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>It is a two-story frame, with fluted Doric columns on two sides, 13 in all, and balconies over both main entrance doors with wrought iron railings. Dicksonia Plantation, located nearby, was very similar in appearance, prior to its destruction by fire in 1939 and again in 1964.</p><br>
<p>Mount Ida, also known as the Walker Reynolds House, was an antebellum mansion, built in the Greek Revival style beginning in 1840 by Walker Reynolds, between Sylacauga and Talladega in rural Talladega County, Alabama, United States.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Walker Reynolds was a wealthy planter and promoter of Talladega and Talladega County. He was born August 28, 1799, in Warren County, Georgia, and died January 18, 1871, in Talladega County. He came to Alabama in 1832, and settled among the Indians in Talladega County. In 1849 he was elected to the legislature on the Whig ticket, and during his service there, he succeeded in securing the passing of a charter giving to the county a railroad running through its entire length, then known as Alabama & Tennessee River Railway, and afterwards as the Selma, Rome and Dalton Railroad. After the session of 1849, he was not again in public life, but engaged in planting and milling, and the buying and selling of public lands. Before the start of the Civil War, he opposed secession, but went with his adopted state when she seceded. Because of his age he could not enter the Confederate States Army but he aided largely in the support of the needy families of the Confederate soldiers during the war, and raised and equipped a company at his own expense. He was known by the title of major, presumably, from his connection with the militia. He is buried in the family cemetery at his home, Mount Ida.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Initial construction on the fourteen-room mansion began in 1840, it was completed in sections until the portico was completed in 1858.</p><br>
<p>In 1949, the Kent family purchased the mansion and began a restoration to return Mt. Ida to its former glory. However, Mount Ida was struck by lightning in August 1956 and quickly burned to the ground. All that remains today are the front brick-and-plaster columns.</p><br>
<p>The Fox Island School is a former public school in Fox Island, Washington.</p><br>
<p>On 15. July 1987 the National Register of Historic Places listed the building under the reference number 87001167 as a historic building.</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>There were two classrooms for grades 1-4, and 5-8 on the first floor. The auditorium, which was used as a lunchroom also, has a stage on one side. Kitchen and restrooms are on the first floor also. The furnace, a play room, and storage where placed in the basement. The grounds were furnished with a baseball field, a playground, and a barn used to store the school bus.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The school was built under aid of the Works Progress Administration in 1934.</p><br>
<p>Between 1943 and 1948 the class sizes fluctuated so there were times when only one class was taught.</p><br>
<p>The Fox Island School District #337 was integrated into the Peninsula School District #401 in 1959 and the Fox Island School was closed in 1961. First the Grange took possession and later the Fox Island Community and Recreation Association (FICRA) took over operating the Fox Island School as a Community Center. In honor of Col. Frederick Nichols the name Nichols Center was given to the Community Center in 1981.</p><br>
<h2>Literature</h2><br>
<p>Fox Island - A History by G. L. Miller</p><br>
<p>The Italian Gardeners and Ranchers Association Market Building, also known as the Italian Market, in southeast Portland, Oregon in the USA is a two-story commercial structure listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Built of concrete in 1922, it was added to the register in 1989.</p><br>
<p>Occupying an entire block of the Central Eastside Industrial District, the square structure has a flat roof, large loading bays, multi-paned casement windows, and a full basement. The building, originally catering to farmers and peddlers of Italian origin, housed produce-related stores, a pool hall, meeting halls, a dairy-product area, and two Italian restaurants. Later the building was reorganized for use by three businesses, two on the first floor and one on the second, as well as office space on the second floor.</p><br>
<p>The Italian Gardeners and Ranchers Association formed around 1900 after many Italian immigrants to Portland had settled near Johns Landing on the west bank of the Willamette River and south of Hawthorne Boulevard on the east bank, where it was possible to establish truck farms on inexpensive land. The Association initially set up in a run-down building on the west side of the river but moved to the east side, where it constructed a two-story wooden market building in what came to be known as "produce row". After the wooden building was destroyed by fire in 1921, the Association replaced it with the concrete structure at the same location. In 1929, the Association moved, this time to a larger building at Belmont Street and Southeast 10th Avenue, part of a second "produce row" in southeast Portland.</p><br>
<p>The Kettle Falls Historic District encompasses a portage site on the Canada–United States border in Voyageurs National Park, Minnesota. Kettle Falls is a drainage channel between Namakan Lake and Rainy Lake on the United States side of the border on the eastern end of the Kabetogama peninsula. A stone and concrete dam was built at the site between 1910 and 1914 by the Minnesota and Ontario Power Company. Two buildings associated with the construction of the dam remain, including the dam keepers cabin. Another seventeen other buildings, including the Kettle Falls Hotel, comprise the remainder of the district. The hotel is separately listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The district preserves the portage, the dam and the Kettle Falls Hotels historic context.</p><br>
<p>The portage, known at first as the Portage de Chaudière or the Portage Neuf, was frequented by fur traders (voyageurs) at first, following an established trail that later became the trace of the USA-Canada border. An 1890s gold rush brought miners through the area. It was later used by fishermen and lumbermen, with commercial fish camps operating 1913-1920. Illegal liquor was smuggled over the border from Canada starting about 1910 In the 1930s lumbering operations were the chief activity. The dam is about 20 ft high, with four sluiceways, divided into a section called the American Dam and another on the Canadian channel called the International Dam. It featured fishways, which were never considered very effective.</p><br>
<p>The district was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on July 17, 1978.</p><br>
<p>Elmslie School was an independent girls&#39; school in the English seaside resort of Blackpool, Lancashire, England, from 1918–2000. The school was started in a former house called the Elms, and later expanded into other buildings on the site. The Elms has been designated a Grade II listed building by English Heritage.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Elms was originally the family home of William and Sarah Powell, built in 1896 to a design by T. P. Worthington. The Diocese of Blackburn&#39;s Board of Finance ran the school from 1948. In 1987 the school became an associated Woodard School. Elmslie closed in 2000.</p><br>
<p>On 15 March 1995 English Heritage designated the Elms a Grade II listed building.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Elms is a two-storey house built on an L-shaped plan, of red brick, with a sandstone front façade. There are three bays at the front, the left-hand of which is gabled. Both the left and right bays have small turrets on either side of the upper windows; the left turrets are topped with pinnacles, the right with crenellated caps. The central front entrance has a porch with marble columns. Internally, many of the building&#39;s original fittings are intact.</p><br>
<p>During the building&#39;s use as a school the following additions were made to the original house: gymnasium and assembly hall (1938), more classrooms in the Fisher block (1952), a chapel (1959) and VI Form Centre and music rooms (1988).</p><br>
<p>Dicksonia, also known as the Turner-Dickson House, was a historic plantation house just south of Lowndesboro, Alabama, United States. Dating back to 1830, it was destroyed by fire twice. The house was recorded by the Historic American Buildings Survey in 1934 and the ruins were later featured in the 1993 book Silent in the Land. For the May 1999 issue of Vanity Fair magazine, Annie Leibovitz did a photo shoot of Natalie Portman at the ruins on February 7, 1999.</p><br>
<h2>Construction and history</h2><br>
<p>Dicksonia was originally a two-story house with a small one-story portico in front, built in 1830 by David White. But, in 1856, the house was purchased by Wiley Turner, who hired an architect to remodel the house into a Greek Revival mansion, very similar in appearance to nearby Meadowlawn. The front porch was removed and a monumental two-story portico extending around two sides of the house was added, supported by twelve fluted Doric columns. Elaborate cornice brackets, reflecting an Italianate influence, met at the roof line. The architecture of the house was also noted to show a Mississippi influence. Banisters of intricate design framed the porticoes. The front door had sidelights and an overhead transom. The door upstairs, also with sidelights, opened onto a wrought iron balcony directly over the front door. A side balcony of wooden banisters adorned the upstairs on the west side of the house. A central hall ran the length of the house, with a staircase leading to the second floor.</p><br>
<p>Shem Arthur Tyson and his wife Mary (Toler) Tyson bought the house and land, known as the "Turner Home Track," from the Wiley Turner family. On November 29, 1901, the house and 400 acre of land was sold to Robert Stiles Dickson, who named the mansion Dicksonia.</p><br>
<h2>Destruction</h2><br>
<p>The first Dicksonia, built of wood, burned in 1939. It was replaced by a cast-concrete and steel replica in 1940. The rebuilt house had the same floor-plan as the first, with one difference. This time the monumental portico was rebuilt only across the front, instead of two sides of the house, due to the high cost of producing monumental Doric columns in concrete at the time. Although intended to be fireproof, the second incarnation of Dicksonia burned in 1964. This time the family could not rebuild it, due to extreme heat damage to the foundation. The empty shell and columns were left as a picturesque ivy-covered ruin, on private property without public access.</p><br>
<h2>Recent Events</h2><br>
<p>The property is now available to the public on a limited basis. The current owner, Dorothy Dickson Skipper 334-320-5330, has made significant improvements to the grounds and visibility of the building proper. Dicksonia Plantation is being advertised as a historical rental venue at Dorothy Skipper Rental, LLC on Facebook, with current photos. In 2015 a beautiful family wedding was held in front of the building, and numerous photo shoots have taken place since the improvements. This ancient homesite is no longer "forgotten or neglected", but lovingly and tastefully presented.</p><br>
<p>The Madison Hotel is located in Atlantic City, New Jersey, United States. It was built in 1929 and added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 20, 1984.</p><br>
<p>The 14-story building opened as a luxury hotel at the beginning of the Great Depression in the United States. It went through bankruptcy in the 1960s and later became part of Sands Atlantic City.</p><br>
<p>In 2004, Sands invested $7 million to renovate and reconfigure the property into 126 suites. In 2006, both the Sands and the Madison Hotel were closed.</p><br>
<p>On May 25, 2013, the Madison Hotel was auctioned with a winning bid of $4 million by Eli Hadad, an owner of hotels in Florida and the Dominican Republic.</p><br>
<p>On January 25, 2014 it reopened as Baymont Inn & Suites Atlantic City Madison Hotel, managed by the Baymont Inn & Suites chain.</p><br>
<p>Laanecoorie Weir or Laanecoorie Reservoir, is a water storage for irrigation and domestic purposes on the Loddon River, near the towns of Laanecoorie, Victoria and Eddington, Victoria. It was constructed by contractor Andrew O&#39;Keefe   in conjunction with Joshua Thomas Noble Anderson. This was the second irrigation scheme for Victoria after the Goulburn Weir. Construction commenced in 1889 and took three years to complete. The largest outlet valves in Victoria, manufactured by the United Iron Work of Abraham Roberts, were installed at the weir in 1891.</p><br>
<p>The great flood of 1909 breached the weir, sending 18.3 million cubic metres of water through the opening and causing severe damage to all towns downstream.</p><br>
<p>The first bridge at Laanecoorie over the Loddon River was built in 1870, but was destroyed in the flood of 1909, along with the weir. The famous World War I general, Sir John Monash, designed and built a new bridge of reinforced concrete beam and slab construction, which still remains today.</p><br>
<p>The present capacity of the Laanecoorie Reservoir is about 7770 ML, although substantial siltation since its construction has reduced the original capacity by an estimated 12000 ML. The towns of Tarnagulla, Dunolly, and Laanecoorie obtain supply by diversion from the Loddon River downstream of the reservoir.</p><br>
<p>Mottarone is a mountain in the Western Alps of north-western Italy, with an elevation of 1,492 m.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>The peak is in the communal territory of Stresa, between the Lake Orta and Lake Maggiore. The source of the Agogna river is located in the mountain.</p><br>
<p>Mottarone area is known for the production of cheese, the most renowned of which is the Toma del Mottarone.</p><br>
<h3>SOIUSA classification</h3><br>
<p>According to the SOIUSA (International Standardized Mountain Subdivision of the Alps) the mountain can be classified in the following way:</p><br>
<p>main part=Western Alps</p><br>
<p>major sector=North Western Alps</p><br>
<p>section=Pennine Alps</p><br>
<p>subsection=Southern Valsesia Alps</p><br>
<p>supergroup=Alpi Cusiane</p><br>
<p>group=Massiccio del Mottarone</p><br>
<p>code=I/B-9.IV-B.4</p><br>
<h2>Access to the summit</h2><br>
<p>The peak of Mottarone can be reached by a 30-minute ride on a cableway from Carciano, a frazione of Stresa. This was built to replace a rack and pinion railroad from Stresa in 1963.</p><br>
<p>It overlooks the city of Verbania on the Lake Maggiore; the Monviso in the Maritime Alps, as well as the Monte Rosa, can be seen on clear sky days.</p><br>
<p>It is possible reach the peak of Mottarone by car. There are two roads: the first comes up from Armeno, west of the Mottarone summit near Lake Orta; the second, a private toll road, begins from Alpino, a frazione of Stresa on the eastern side of the summit.</p><br>
<h2>Winter sports</h2><br>
<p>A ski resort with 21 km of downhill skiing slopes is located on Mottarone.</p><br>
<p>Skiing on Mottarone has a long tradition. Sci Club Mottarone was founded in 1909. In January 1935 the first giant slalom in the history of ski racing took place on the Mottarone. In 1940 the first ski lift opened called, Slittone. After World War II, the ski resort developed. Today there are 21 trails, something for every kind of skier. There are five ski lifts: Baby, Selva Spessa 1, Selva Spessa 2, La Rossa and Baita Omegna. In addition, there are two moving carpet lifts (tapis-roulants) for the beginners. Unfortunately, another lift, called Alpe Corti, was closed after 2011 at the end of its "technical life", in accordance with Italian law which allows certain lifts to be used only 30 years.</p><br>
<p>Lake Cachi  is an artificial lake in central Costa Rica created by the Cachí Dam , an arch dam which is located north of Tapantí National Park, to the east-southeast of Cartago in Cartago Province. The main town is Cachí, located away from the east bank of the lake. Built in the 1970s, it was one of the first hydroelectric projects in Costa Rica. It has an installed capacity of 102 MW with three units of 34 MW capacity each .</p><br>
<p>The project became operational with the first unit commissioned in 1966, second unit in 1967 and the third unit in 1978.</p><br>
<p>The reservoir, located in the Rio Reventazón, is an important supplier of electrical power to Costa Rica. It is operated by Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad (ICE).</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>Lake Cachi contains the Cachí Dam (Represa de Cach) in the northeastern part of the lake, near the village of Ujarras along the 225 road in the middle reaches of the Reventazon River in the Ujarras valley. The lake is created by the dam on the Reventazon River as it flows in from the northeast winding through the steep-sided valley. The river has a total drainage area of 3,000 km&sup2; lying in an elevation range varying from 3,432 m above mean sea level at its highest point to the lowest outflow point into the Atlantic Ocean; out of this, the reservoir created by the Cachi dam intercepts the upper catchment area of 919 km&sup2;. The annual precipitation in the entire river basin varies from 1,200 -. In 80% of the total catchment area, the relief varies distinctly, with mountains which have slopes between 20 and 85 degrees. The average annual water inflow into the reservoir is at the rate of 104 m&sup3;/second. The gross storage capacity of the reservoir is 51 million cubic metres. The design flood discharge is 3,500 m&sup3;/sec. The reservoir has a water spread of 324 hectare which stretches over a length of 6 km with maximum water depth of 69 m. Sixty percent of the reservoir&#39;s catchment is forested, the remainder is agricultural land. Density currents are formed in the reservoir on account of a combination of temperature gradients and high sediment concentration.</p><br>
<h2>Cachi arch dam</h2><br>
<p>The Cachi dam is a thin double-arch concrete structure (stated to be one of the thinnest such dams in the world)</p><br>
<p>The project was planned, designed and executed by ICE, with support for the design of the arch dam, and for supervision of construction provided by Dr. Laginha Serafim, the Portuguese consultants. The construction of the arch dam was undertaken after extensive explorations of the geological features confirmed the suitability of the site. During construction, two diversion tunnels with gated controls, designed for a discharge of 600 m&sup3;/sec were constructed to divert water away from the work site of the dam foundation.</p><br>
<h2>Power plant</h2><br>
<p>The water from the reservoir is diverted through a 5,942 m long pressure tunnel, a surge tank, a 566 m long penstock including a 116 m long pressure shaft (steel-lined tunnel) and a power house. The power house has an installation of three units of 34 MW (which would also operate under overload conditions) capacity. They are of vertical type Francis Turbine units which are designed to operate under heads varying between a maximum of 246 m and a minimum of 221 m. The first two units of the power plant were commissioned in 1966 and 1967, the third in 1978. The project was implemented with soft loan funding provided by the World Bank in two stages after due appraisal.</p><br>
<p>The output of the hydroelectric power plant at Cachí will increase from 100 megawatts to 160 MW. The expansion of the power plant will include a new 40 MW generator. An existing generator will also be upgraded. The work is scheduled to begin in 2012. The project should be finished by 2015, according to the Costa Rican Electricity Institute (ICE). Once expanded, the Cachí power plant will be able to supply the electricity needs of 330,000 people. The project is being funded by a $140 million loan from the Central American Bank for Economic Integration (CABEI).</p><br>
<p>Power evacuation from the switch yard of the power station was planned with step-up substation equipped with three-phase step-up transformers and evacuated through double circuit 132 kV transmission lines connecting Cachi with the Rio Macho power plant.</p><br>
<h2>Sedimentation studies</h2><br>
<p>The annual sediment load into the Cachi reservoir estimated at 0.81 million tons, which amounts to 1% storage volume of the reservoir, had been assessed at the planning stage to be distributed at 54% as thalweg deposits (flushed through low level sluice provided in the body of the dam), 21% getting deposited on the terraces, 18% flowing out through the spillway by gate operation and power intake through turbines and 7% trapped as bed load in the reservoir. This process is witnessed in two distinct parts of the reservoir – the upper part and the lower part – the upper part gets filled with sand and coarse sediments and the lower part, which is the deep river channel, gets deposited with fine sediment on its terraces which needs to be flushed by reservoir operation (a high concentration of sediments was noted near the power intake). However, for seven years after the project was commissioned, the reservoir was not desilted, which resulted in trapping of 82% of the sediment inflow into the reservoir and which moved towards the body of the dam and interfered with diversion of flow through the power intake in the body of the dam for power generation. The dam is provided with one scouring sluice at the bottom in the main river channel adjacent to the intake screen of the power intake that draws water for power generation. To keep the reservoir in a serviceable condition to derive planned power benefits, it became obligatory to drain the reservoir to its lowest level (though it caused an inevitable economic loss in power generation during the filling stage every year) and flush the deposited sediments downstream so that the intake does not get choked and allows sediment flow into the turbines. The first flushing operation was carried out in three well defined stages in 1973 and thereafter repeated every year till 1990. The downstream impact on the river regime as a result of the silt flushed from the reservoir was also studied when a peak concentration of 400 grams/litre were noted in the form of turbid water not only on the flood plains but also where the river merged with the Atlantic Sea. It was expected that these deposits would be flushed during the flood season. However, as a result of the silt flushing, some detrimental effect on the biota was noted by local people of the area in the downstream reaches of the river below the dam.</p><br>
<p>The effectiveness of the flushing operations has been studied over the years by hydrographic surveys of the reservoir using turbidimeters, side scan sonar, sub-bottom profiler, repeated echo sounding, sediment coring and X-ray techniques. The studies have indicated that the sluices provided in the dam to flush the sediment deposits in the reservoir are effective given the "duration and degree to which the reservoir is drawn down and on the discharge capacity of the sluices" and also the shape of the reservoir, which in the case of Cachi is in a narrow gorge. Studies indicated that the average diameter of the sediments deposited in the reservoir was of the order of 0.04 mm. It was also noted that on the terraces of the reservoir flushing was not very effective since they were covered with water hyacinths which had trapped the sediments. The old river channel also had indicated a deposit rate of about 2 m, which, however, is now regularly flushed out by opening the scouring sluice.</p><br>
<p>The Cachí reservoir is now flushed of sediment deposits on an almost yearly basis. The field studies on the flushing operation carried out in 1996 indicated that about 250,000 tonnes were deposited within the reach between 10 km and 30 km downstream from the dam. Of these, 82% were channel-bed deposits while 18% were deposited on the river banks.</p><br>
<h2>Recreation</h2><br>
<p>The dam takes advantage of the head available in the river, which for some 65 km creates white water suitable for rafting. Surrounded by mountains, the lake was created when the Instituto Costariccense de Electricidad built the dam across the river to supply San José with hydroelectric power.</p><br>
<p>Saddle Peak is a mountain located in the Santa Monica Mountains between Malibu and Calabasas. The summit is accessible via the Backbone Trail. There is also a feeder trail to the top from near the top of Stunt Road  maintained by the Santa Monica Mountains Conservancy. And there is an informal trail up the bottom East nose of the massif right across the intersection from the Scheuren Viewpoint. This latter trail passes around a water tower and eventually joins the main trails near the top.</p><br>
<p>Vegetation is sparse on the peak; dwarf forest and chaparral on the approaches, scrub and grassy at the top. Some oaks at lower elevations.</p><br>
<p>There are occasionally rattlesnakes on the SMMC trail.</p><br>
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<p>The River Granta is the name of two of the four tributaries of the River Cam, although both names are often used synonymously. The Granta, starts near the village of Widdington in Essex flowing north past Audley End House to merge with the other contributary Rhee, which is also commonly called River Cam, a mile south of Grantchester. From source to its confluence with the Rhee it is 41.7 km in length.</p><br>
<p>A further tributary, also known as the Granta, runs 10 mi from south of Haverhill to join the larger Granta south of Great Shelford. Another minor tributary is Bourn Brook which has its source near the village of Eltisley, 10 mi west of Cambridge, running east through Caxton, Bourn and Toft to join the Cam at Byron&#39;s Pool.</p><br>
<p>In many maps the river changes its name at the Silver Street Bridge in Cambridge and is called "Granta" above and "Cam" below it.</p><br>
<p>In earlier times even the lower part of the Cam was also named the Granta, but after the name of the Anglo-Saxon town of Grantebrycge had been modified to Cambridge, the river was renamed to match.</p><br>
<p>Grantchester and Granta Park are on the river banks of the river Granta and their names refer to the river itself.</p><br>
<h2>Literature</h2><br>
<p>* Franz X. Bogner & Stephen P. Tomkins: The Cam. An Aerial Portrait of the Cambridge River. Laber Foundation, 2015. (http://www.cambridgeriver.info/).</p><br>
<h2>Links</h2><br>
<p>ang:Granta</p><br>
<p>Glenville Truss Bridge is a historic Pratt Through Truss bridge that spans the Little Kanawha River at Glenville, Gilmer County, West Virginia. The bridge was built in 1885. The bridge is 240 feet, 6 inches, long and the main through truss span is 147 feet. It was designed and/or built by the Stewart, Shirreffs & Co. of Richmond, Virginia and fabricated by the Wrought Iron Bridge Builders of Canton, Ohio.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.</p><br>
<p>The bridge has suffered considerable damage in recent years and is now unusable. It was barred to vehicular traffic for several decades and has now been completely blocked off since a flood washed away a part of it at the left-bank end. There is a local movement to save and restore it, and a grant has even been obtained for that purpose, but since neither the city of Glenville nor Gilmer County claims ownership (and thus responsibility), the situation is at a standstill.</p><br>
<p>Wardang Island, also known as Wauraltee Island, is a low-lying 20 km island in the Spencer Gulf close to the western coast of the Yorke Peninsula, South Australia. It acts as a natural breakwater, protecting the former grain port of Port Victoria and providing a sheltered anchorage. Historically it has been used for mining lime sand and in rabbit disease research. The much smaller Goose Island and the other rocks and islets in the Goose Island Conservation Park lie off the northern end.</p><br>
<h2>Little penguin colony</h2><br>
<p>Wardang Island was previously the second largest breeding colony of little penguins in South Australia and the largest colony in the state&#39;s gulf waters.</p><br>
<p>Penguins were known to be abundant on the island in 1874 and were seen in Mungari bay to the north of Wardang Island by yachtsmen in 1895. In 1928, 1930, 1931, 1934 and 1937, Wardang Island was described as a home to many penguins. In 1937 the island was described as being "infested with thousands of penguins". In 1944, the colony was described in the Port Pirie newspaper The Recorder:</p><br>
<p>"The north and north west coasts of the island consist of precipitous limestone cliffs. Heavy westerlies have undermined these cliffs and large portions of rock have fallen to the sea bed, where waves have pounded them into weird shapes. Up on top, penguins are very numerous and they make their nests in shallow burrows. There are hundreds of such nests."</p><br>
<p>In 1946, Mr. Pim wrote of Wardang Island:</p><br>
<p>"On the west coast... colonies of penguins are at home to anyone who cares to call."</p><br>
<p>Their presence was noted in 1950 by Edna Davies who advised that if anyone visited the island and stayed until nightfall that they would see and hear the penguins coming ashore. In 1966, a visitor described seeing "hundreds" of fairy penguins on Wardang Island. In 1981, penguins were considered abundant. In 2004, Wardang Island was estimated to support approximately 8,000 penguins. In 2005, the Point Pearce Community was involved in feral cat trapping work. This was undertaken to reduce feral cat predation on little penguins. As of 2011, the penguin colony&#39;s status is unknown.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The island is part of the traditional lands of the Narungga people of the Yorke Peninsula who camped there regularly to fish, hunt and gather food. With European settlement of South Australia, the first pastoral lease on Wardang Island was issued in the late 19th century to Stephen Goldsworthy for a term of 14 years. The lease gave the Narungga the continued right to travel to and from the island. In 1884 Goldsworthy transferred the lease to the Point Pearce Aboriginal Mission. The island was used to graze sheep. Shearing sheds were built as well as living quarters to cater for the families living there. In 1909 a lighthouse was built on the island to serve the large number of ships visiting nearby Port Victoria, though its effectiveness was limited by low visibility. Several shipwrecks have occurred in the vicinity of the island.</p><br>
<p>In 1900 mineral leases were issued over parts of the island. These were gradually acquired from 1910 by Broken Hill Associated Smelters (BHAS), and by 1939 they held all of the leases on the island. Until 1968 BHAS quarried lime sand on the island, and shipped it by barge to use as flux in smelters at Port Pirie. Between 1910 and 1968 over a million tons of sand was quarried from the island. As the population of the Island increased, BHAS built homes, a school and other infrastructure to provide for its employees and their families. When BHAS discovered limeshell deposits in Coffin Bay they surrendered their leases and abandoned the island. In 1969, Wardang was made a fauna sanctuary. The lease for Wardang is now held by the Narungga of Point Pearce; those wishing to visit the island must obtain prior permission from the Point Pearce Community Council.</p><br>
<h3>Rabbit disease research</h3><br>
<p>An anecdotal account suggests that rabbits were introduced to the island by fishermen circa 1922.</p><br>
<p>In March 1995 trials started on Wardang Island of the rabbit calicivirus causing rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD).</p><br>
<h2>Recreational diving</h2><br>
<p>The waters around Wardang Island are popular with recreational divers because of the opportunities for wreck diving. A dive trail showcases eight of nine shipwrecks around the island, which are associated with the trading port of Port Victoria in the early 1900s. Of the wrecks, five are of schooners and coastal steamers – the Monarch, S.S. Australian, S.S. Investigator, MacIntyre and Moorara – that carried wheat and other local cargo, and three – the Aagot, Notre Dame D’Arvor and Songvaar – are larger vessels that transported grain to Europe.</p><br>
<p>Lawton Hall is a former country house to the east of the village of Church Lawton, Cheshire, England. The building has since been used as a hotel, then a school, and has since been converted into separate residential units. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The estate on which the house stands was in the possession of the Lawton family from at least since the 13th century. The first house on the site burnt down in the early 15th century. This was followed by a more substantial house, which was replaced by the present house in about 1600. Although the core of this house dates from the 17th century, the exterior dates from the middle of the 18th century. Wings were added in the 1830s. The porch was built in about 1860, and a billiard room was added during the 19th century. Although the house was still owned by the Lawton family, it was being used as a hotel in 1906. During the Second World War it was used as a Civil Defence Reserve Camp. In 1989 plans to turn it into a hotel were passed, but were never implemented. At some time around this period the building was badly damaged by fire. In 1999 a property development company converted the hall into four houses and five apartments. Surrounding buildings were also converted for residential use, and houses were built in the adjoining estate.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<h3>Exterior</h3><br>
<p>The house is constructed in red brick with stone dressings and a slate roof. The entrance front is symmetrical in nine bays, with asymmetrical wings on each side. The central three bays project forward and have two storeys. In the middle bay is a round-arched doorway, now blocked but containing a sash window. At the sides of the doorway are Doric half-columns, and over the door is a Doric entablature and a segmental pediment. Above this is a tall round-arched window surround containing a sash window, above which is another pediment. In the bay on each side is a round-headed window in the lower storey and a smaller flat-headed window in the storey above. The lateral three bays on each side have 2½ storeys, with larger sash windows in the lower two storeys, and smaller windows above. The exception is the middle bay to the right of the central section that contains a single-storey porch with Doric columns. The right-hand wing has four bays plus a projecting pavilion containing a Venetian window in the lower storey and a diocletian window above. The left-hand wing has two bays, with a recessed three-bay billiard room beyond. The garden front is also symmetrical and in nine bays. At the centre is a two-storey semi-octagonal bay window. In its lower storey is a Venetian window that has been converted into a French window. On each side of it are Ionic pilasters, and above it are roundels. Over all this is an arched window.</p><br>
<h3>Interior</h3><br>
<p>Inside the building, before the fire and conversion into separate residential units, Pevsner reported that there was a 17th-century staircase and two Jacobean fireplaces. The two main rooms in the centre of the house contained plaster ceilings and chimneypieces in Rococo style. The study to the left of the entrance hall had 17th-century oak panelling, as did three rooms in the attic.</p><br>
<p>The Mnjikaning Fish Weirs are one of the oldest human developments in Canada. These fishing weirs were built by the first nations people well before recorded history, dating to about 3,300 BCE during the Archaic period in North America, according to carbon dating done on some of the wooden remnants. The weirs were built in the narrows between Lake Couchiching and Lake Simcoe, now known as Atherley Narrows, over which Ontario Highway 12 passes today. They were preserved by the water and layers of protective silt.</p><br>
<p>The weirs were built as fences using local wood species, including eastern white cedar, sugar maple, and white birch for the stakes. The weirs were used to trap the various fish species swimming through them. The early fishermen wove brush and vegetation among the weirs to make net-like fencing where the fish were guided to be speared, netted or kept for later use, particularly for consumption during the winter.</p><br>
<p>The weirs – historically called ouentaronk (Huron) and tkaronto (Mohawk) – are believed to have provided the City of Toronto with its name, following a series of copy errors. They were in use for about 5,000 years, until about the early 1700s. Samuel de Champlain recorded their existence on September 1, 1615, when he passed the weirs with the Huron en route to the battle with the Iroquois on the south east side of Lake Ontario.</p><br>
<p>The Mnjikaning Fish Weirs was officially recognized as a National Historic Site of Canada on 12 June 1982. It is managed by the Rama First Nation, who created the Mnjikaning Fish Fence Circle to protect and promote the site.</p><br>
<p>Pic de Neige Cordier is a mountain in the Massif des Écrins range, located in the Hautes-Alpes département of France. The mountain is named after the French alpinist Henri Cordier.</p><br>
<h2>First ascent</h2><br>
<p>The first ascent of Pic de Neige Cordier was made on 3 August 1877 by French climber Paul Guillemi along with Émile Pic and Pierre Estienne.</p><br>
<h2>2011 accident</h2><br>
<p>On 26 June 2011 a British hiker discovered the bodies of six climbers around 2,700 m while following a similar route taken by the group on the previous day. The local mayor, Xavier Cret, told the AFP news agency that the six mountaineers had been roped together in two groups and they have appeared to have died as the result of a mixed avalanche of snow and rocks. A local official stated that the victims included two men and three women between 42 and 64 and a 16-year-old boy. Police reported that the climbers appeared to have died while making an ascent in good weather.</p><br>
<p>The Joseph Chandler House, built c. 1800, is the oldest house in Centreville, New Castle County, Delaware. Centreville developed along the Kennett Pike  starting about 1811, with its houses facing toward the pike. Nevertheless, the Chandler house faces south, away from the pike.</p><br>
<p>Dr. Joseph P. Chandler, who built the house, used it as a residence and an office. The house was later acquired by the Gregg, Carpenter and du Pont families. William S. Potter bought the house in 1935 and added brick and stone wings to the original stone house.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed by the National Register of Historic Places in 1983, at the same time the nearby Centreville Historic District, Mt. Airy School No. 27, and Carpenter-Lippincott House were also listed.</p><br>
<p>Empire Ranch is a working cattle ranch in southeastern Pima County, Arizona, that was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976. In its heyday, Empire Ranch was one of the largest in Arizona, with a range spanning over 180 square miles, and its owner, Walter L. Vail, was an important figure in the establishment of southern Arizona&#39;s cattle industry.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Establishment</h3><br>
<p>Empire Ranch is located on the eastern slope of the Santa Rita Mountains in Cienega Valley, fifty-two miles southeast of Tucson and about ten miles north of Sonoita. The property overlooks a shallow depression called Empire Gulch, through which a spring-fed rivlet bordered by cottonwoods courses eastward to Cienega Creek. The surrounding meadows are "thickly covered" with sacaton and salt grass. Tucson businessman Edward Nye Fish first occupied the site of the ranch in 1871, but it is uncertain whether or not he built the original four-room adobe house and corral, which may have already been there when he arrived.</p><br>
<p>On August 22, 1876, an Easterner named Walter L. Vail and his English business partner, Herbert R. Hislop, purchased Empire Ranch and its 612 head of cattle from Fish and his partner, Simon Silverberg, who had acquired the 160 acre tract only two months earlier from Fishs brother-in-law, William Wakefield, at a price of $500. Fish and Silverberg wanted $3,800 for the ranch and cattle; but to expedite the sale, they settled on a considerably lower price of $1,174. Vail and Hislop immediately began expanding their holdings in the area by acquiring new lands and improving the ranchs infrastructure. In its heyday, Empire controlled 180 square miles of rangeland between the Santa Rita, Rincon, Whetstone, and Huachuca Mountains.</p><br>
<p>When Walters wife, Margaret, arrived from New Jersey in the summer of 1881, Vail undertook a variety of improvements on the ranch house. Up to that time, Walter had added only a kitchen, pantry, cooks room, and business office to the original four-room structure - just enough to accommodate the cowboys who worked the ranch. Shortly after Margaret&#39;s arrival, Walter built her an eight-room addition to the earlier dwelling, including two bedrooms, a living room, a dining area and a covered porch. The imposing structure boasted twelve-foot high ceilings, three stone fireplaces for heating, and a fashionable half-hexagon bay window opening off the living room. The Empire Ranch house became a showplace ranch house in southern Arizona. The red-shingled adobe building proved so attractive that, contrary to the common practice among territorial ranch families, Margaret chose to live on the ranch instead of at a separate residence in Tucson. More rooms were added as the years went on, resulting in the current twenty-two room house that is preserved today.</p><br>
<p>The origin of the name Empire Ranch remains unclear. Walters brother, Edward, said that Walter renamed the Fish holdings after acquiring the property in 1876, claiming "he would make an Empire of it someday." However, in writing to his sister on November 25, 1876, Herbert Hislop stated: "...it was called the Empire Ranch before we bought it and we have not altered the name." Other accounts suggest that either Fish called the quarter-section spread "the Empire" in a promotional flurry to make it more attractive, or that William Wakefield named the ranch after the nearby Empire Mountains. The evidence weighs against Edward Vails hromanticized version.</p><br>
<p>Vail and Hislop hoped to increase their herd of cattle to about five thousand head. To underwrite expansion and help meet their debts, they took in a third partner in October 1876. Another Englishman, John H. Harvey, had heard about the ranch through Walters uncle, Nathan. Nathan Vail had been a friend and one-time business partner of Harveys uncle in England. Learning that John Harvey had money to invest, Nathan had encouraged him to visit Tucson and the Empire Ranch, which he did in the early weeks of October. The wealthy Englishman, although inexperienced at ranching, saw strong potential for the small ranching venture and joined the partnership. The firm changed its name to Vail, Hislop, and Harvey. The neighboring cattlemen called them the "English Boys&#39; Outfit." To keep pace with its new identity, the Empire changed horse brands from "V" to "VH," but kept the familiar heart-shaped brand for the cattle.</p><br>
<h3>Apaches</h3><br>
<p>Indian raids were an ever-present threat, and nearby ranches stopped operation. The Empire, however, remained to fight for their land and their horses (which were considered the prize to the Indians). In the earliest years, hostile Apaches were an ever-present threat to the ranching operations. The Chiricahua Apaches, who had been moved to the San Carlos Indian Reservation in June 1876, became restless and fled south to their old haunts in the Whetstone and Chiricahua Mountains. Roving bands raided ranches throughout the Cienega Valley, escaping to the nearby hills with a prized booty of horses. Ranchers who sought to retrieve their stack often came back empty-handed, or failed to return at all. In the face of increasing raids, several ranchers near the Empire abandoned their holdings and moved to Tucson. Vail and Hislop, however, were willing to "shoot the renegades on sight."</p><br>
<p>The ranchs isolation and its herd of workhorses made it a likely target for attack. The ranch lay a full days ride by horseback from Tucson. The only major ranch in the vicinity was Don Sanfords Stock Valley Ranch, located five miles northeast. Vail and Hislop knew that help would not be forthcoming in the event of a raid. The horses had to be constantly guarded. During the day, the riding stock, which numbered nine saddle horses, twenty brood mares, and twelve colts, grazed in a large fenced-in pasture 600 feet from the ranch house. At night they corralled their stock in an adobe enclosure attached to the house. The possibility of a devastating loss of riding stock remained foremost in their thoughts, as Hislop reflected: "How long we shall keep them out of Apaches hands I do not know, as I suspect we being the only owners of any number of horses around here, that they will pay us a visit."</p><br>
<p>The Indian activity prompted the United States Army to take action. Writing to his brother, Edward Vail, on January 20, 1876, Walter reported that "this last outbreak has made so much talk that the Government is going to establish a fort 25 miles south of our place, which I hope will put a stop to Indian trouble in this part of the country." As anticipated, the army established Camp Huachuca on March 3, 1877. However, the camp was too distant to provide protection for the Cienega Valley. Vail and his partners refused to be terrorized by the Apaches. They instructed their cowboys to ride the range well-armed and never alone. Even when renegades were reported in the vicinity the cattlemen would not curtail ranch activities. As Edward Vail related: "... the Indians were supposed to be out, but we never stayed home on that account, as it was necessary to keep working."</p><br>
<p>The youthful cattlemen did not suffer greatly from the Apaches. They struck repeatedly in the vicinity but made off with only two horses of the "VH" brand. In a series of raids between August 1876 and February 1877, they stole several herds of livestock and killed three cowboys immediately south of the ranch, but each time skirted around the property. Yet not until Geronimo&#39;s renegades surrendered to General Nelson A. Miles on September 4, 1886, did the owners of Empire Ranch completely relax.</p><br>
<p>An opportunity to build the Empire herd came in January 1877. The three cattlemen, hoping to avoid the expense and trouble of driving herds from distant ranges, had made inquiries about other cattle in southern Arizona. In the latter part of January, they learned that S. S. "Yankee" Miller, foreman for John Chisum&#39;s ranch on the San Pedro River near St. David, had driven a large herd of Durhams, Herefords, and longhorns from New Mexico to the vicinity of Benson. Vail visited Miller at his Benson encampment and purchased 793 cattle at fourteen dollars per head. In the same exchange, Vail disposed of 620 sheep that he had previously bought from his neighbor, Henry M. Kemp. The flock had been a constant nuisance; and Vail gladly parted with them, even at a loss of forty cents per head.</p><br>
<p>The transaction was not without incident, though. Before Vail could remove the herd, a band of Chiricahua Apaches silently approached Millers compound and crept away with all their horses under cover of darkness. Vail awoke before dawn to discover the loss. Several of the trail crew set out on foot to pursue the thieves south to the Whetstone Mountains but en route dropped the plan for fear the Apaches might outnumber them in their mountain stronghold. They went back by Empire Ranch and picked up enough horses to enable them to safely drive the cattle from the Chisum range to the ranch. In this incident, the Empires closest scrape with Apaches, Vail had been fortunate; he had lost only one horse, none of the cattle, and no one had been hurt.</p><br>
<h3>Sheep</h3><br>
<p>In the late spring of 1877, Vail, Hislop, and Harvey decided to introduce better bred beeves into their herd. In April, Walter Vail rode east with Miller and a Chisum trail outfit to John Chisums Long Rail Ranch on the Pecos River in New Mexico. Here, Vail purchased forty Durham bulls from Chisum, but injured his knee before he could start back to Arizona. Leaving the cattle, he went to a cousins home in Netawaka, Kansas, and spent five painful months recuperating. In the fall, Vail and several Chisum trailhands drove the blooded bulls through Apache-controlled territory to the Empire Ranch.</p><br>
<p>During Vails absence, Hislop and Harvey had trouble with a sheepherder settling adjacent to Empire Ranch. The neighbor refused to contain his flock on his own range and arrogantly drove them onto the ranchland to water. When the sheep crowded along Cienega Creek, cattle were forced to scatter and move away from the water. The situation infuriated Hislop, who warned the trespasser to stay clear of their land or they would stampede his sheep. The sheepman ignored Hislops warnings, and the prospect of range warfare loomed.</p><br>
<p>On February 4, 1878, Hislop wrote the following in a letter to his sister:</p><br>
<p>Although the dispute never erupted into conflict, it was a decisive factor in Hislops decision to give up ranching and return to England. By March 1878, he became annoyed at Vail and Harveys reluctance to market livestock and recoup their initial investment costs. The partners wanted to delay sales until their herds had produced several calf crops. The troublesome neighbor only reinforced Hislops distaste for the entire ranching venture. Vail urged him to reconsider, but Hislop would not be swayed. Walter borrowed $6,850 from his Aunt Anna, Nathan’s wife, and bought Hislops interest in the ranch. Upon his departure, Hislop announced that he would never return to "this bloody country again."</p><br>
<p>Within a year of Hislops departure, Vail and Harvey welcomed a new partner, Walters older brother Edward. Edward "Ned" Vail had corresponded with Walter since 1876 and shared his brothers belief that the cattle trade would soon be a large and prosperous industry in Arizona. Ned had been brought up on the family farm in New Jersey and then worked seven years in a ship chandlers store in New York City. Like Walter, Ned had no experience with cattle when he arrived at Empire Ranch on May 14, 1879. Walter immediately put his brother to work on the range, thereby forcing Edward to acquire a cattlemans skill and "carry his weight" at the ranch.</p><br>
<h3>Total Wreck</h3><br>
<p>While Walter and his partners were readying their first cattle for market, a silver discovery was made near Empire Ranch which vitally affected its destiny. In January 1879, an itinerant prospector named John T. Dillon, located three mining claims on the boulder-strewn eastern slope of the Empire Mountains. "The whole damned hill is a total wreck," Dillon remarked to co-claimants Walter L. Vail and John A. Harvey. Vail and Harvey liked the description and christened one of the three sites the "Total Wreck." Legal entanglements prevented immediate exploitation of the claim; but when the court re-affirmed their title, the owners incorporated the operation as the Total Wreck Mining and Milling Company.</p><br>
<p>In 1881, Walter and Nathan Vail secured full control of the corporation, sold shares of the company in New York City, and launched a large-scale development at the Total Wreck. Two years later, its production rivaled that of the most prosperous mines in Arizona Territory. However, the depression in silver prices in 1884 crippled the operation, and the Vails closed it three years later when ore yields fell too low for profit. Although the Total Wreck prospered for a brief period, it produced over $500,000 in revenue, which contributed significantly to the expansion and development of Empire Ranch.</p><br>
<h3>Later years</h3><br>
<p>In 1886, the ranch was incorporated as the Empire Land and Cattle Company, with California entrepreneur Carroll W. Gates buying half-interest in 1889. The Empire management searched out new markets in Kansas City and Los Angeles when the home market collapsed in the mid-1880s. Vail and Gates bought or leased additional grasslands in Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, and California during drought years of the early nineties. While furthering his own business, Vail argued prominently for cattlemens interests as a legislator, county supervisor, and president of the Livestock Ranchmans Association.</p><br>
<p>By 1898, the Vails had nearly forty thousand cattle, most of which were Herefords, on their combined ranges. Vail and Gates converted the home ranch fully to "breeder-feeder" operations, with Arizona-bred cattle shipped outside the territory to fatten. Beginning in 1902, they siphoned corporate assets into lucrative real estate, horse raising, and resort investments on the West Coast. For a time, California endeavors profited Vail and Gates more so than the Arizona ranch. Although Walter Vail died in 1906, his heirs operated Empire Ranch by the same, successful principles Walter had used, until its final sale to the Boice, Gates and Johnston company in 1928.</p><br>
<p>By 1951, Frank Boice and his family assumed full control of the property. Around the same time, the ranch was featured in several Western films starring many of Hollywood&#39;s most famous actors, such as John Wayne, Gregory Peck and Steve McQueen. In 1969, Empire Ranch was sold to the Gulf American Corporation for a proposed real estate development and later resold to the Anamax Mining Company for mining and water potential. None of these developments materialized, and the ranch continues to work with cattle. In the 1980s, the owners began to restore the buildings to their original state and in 1988 the ranch became public land administered by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM). The Empire Ranch Foundation was established as a private non-profit organization in 1997 to work with the BLM to develop private support to preserve the buildings and enhance the educational and recreational opportunities it offers to the public. In 2000, Congress combined Empire Ranch and the surrounding ranchland with the Las Cienegas National Conservation Area.</p><br>
<p>Goose Island is a small , rocky island lying about 550 m from the northern end of the much larger Wardang Island, off the west coast of the Yorke Peninsula, in the Spencer Gulf of South Australia. Rising to a height of 26 m, its vegetation is dominated by African boxthorn on clay and calcarenite soils. The waters surrounding the island are protected in the Goose Island Aquatic Reserve. The island is leased from the Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources by Scotch College and is co-managed by the two parties.</p><br>
<h2>Flora and fauna</h2><br>
<h3>Flora</h3><br>
<p>Vegetation on Goose Island has degraded by activity such as grazing by feral goat and of 2009 was dominated by African boxthorn. Other introduced species include common iceplant, Capeweed great brome grass, slender thistle false caper and hedge mustard. Intact stands of native plants are found around the coastline including nitre-bush and marsh saltbush shrubland. Other native species include ruby saltbush, Australian hollyhock, climbing lignum, variable groundsel and bower spinach.</p><br>
<h3>Fauna</h3><br>
<p>Goose Island provides habitat for seabird species such as black-faced cormorants, little penguins, pied cormorants, pied oystercatchers and sooty oystercatchers. Crested terns and silver gulls also inhabit and breed on the island. Reptiles recorded included marbled geckoes, three species of skink, sleepy lizards (Tiliqua rugosa) and tiger snakes (Notechis scutatus). The island is also a haul out area for Australian sea lions. Introduced species such as cat, feral pigeon, goat, house mouse and rabbit have been present in the past and as of 2009, have been either eradicated, reduced or controlled.</p><br>
<h4>Little penguins</h4><br>
<p>Little penguins are also known to breed on Goose Island, and have been seen there since at least 1950.</p><br>
<h2>Alternative names</h2><br>
<p>Some of the islands of the Goose Island group have alternative names. Little Goose Island bears the gazetted name of Cormorant Island while Seal Rocks are also known as The Scarles.</p><br>
<h2>Scotch College</h2><br>
<p>The island is leased by Scotch College and is visited by groups of Year 10 students from the school. Students camp on the island and engage in various aquatic and nature-based activities as part of their outdoor education program. These include sailing, kayaking, studying wildlife, land regeneration, snorkeling through shipwrecks and swimming with sea lions. The island&#39;s management is the shared responsibility of the lessee and the Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. Management activities include controlling feral animals and the eradication of introduced plant species, most notably African boxthorn.</p><br>
<h2>Protected area status</h2><br>
<p>Goose Island is located within the extent of the Goose Island Conservation Park while the waters surrounding its shores are part of the Goose Island aquatic reserve and the Eastern Spencer Gulf Marine Park.</p><br>
<p>Mugharet el-Zuttiyeh  is a prehistoric archaeological site in Upper Galilee, Israel. It is situated 800 m from the Nahal Amud outlet, approximately 30 m above the wadi bed . It was found to house a fossil today known as the "Galilee skull" and "Galilee Man". Discovered in 1925, the skull was the first ancient fossilised hominin  found in Western Asia. Together with the remains found at Es Skhul and the Wadi el-Mughara Caves, this find was classified in 1939 by Arthur Keith and as Palaeoanthropus palestinensis . Today its taxonomy is that of Homo heidelbergensis.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>Zuttiyeh cave is at the opening of a limestone ravine where Nahal Amud turns eastward, 250 m above a smaller cave known as Mugharet el-Emireh (Cave of the Princess).</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The cave was excavated from 1925 to 1926 by Francis Turville-Petre. It was the first paleontological excavation in the region. Turville-Petre discovered a skull, referred to as the Galilee Skull, that was initially described as the second Neanderthal-like specimen. It was originally attributed to a Mousterian stratum and is now thought to be from an earlier Acheulo-Yabrudian complex. Later studies showed that the face was relatively flat, with no evidence of Neanderthal-like facial prognathism.</p><br>
<p>The frontal bone and part of the upper face were found in the Mugharan level, which leads to an estimate of the age of the fossil to range from 300 to 200 Ka years BP. Similarities with Zhoukoudian remains suggest a possible ancestral relationship.</p><br>
<p>The Galilee skull, along with many of Turville-Petre&#39;s findings, is housed in the Rockefeller Museum in East Jerusalem.</p><br>
<p>The Acting Superintendents Headquarters in Yosemite National Park was built by the USA Army at Camp A.E. Wood in the Wawona district of the park in 1904 to house the commander of the military administration that operated the park in the years prior to the establishment of the National Park Service. It was moved to the Yosemite Valley in 1906. The Acting Superintendents Headquarters is the last remaining structure at Wawona associated with the park&#39;s military administration. The cabin followed the military to the Yosemite Valley, remaining there until 1958, when it was moved back to Wawona. It is part of the Pioneer Yosemite History Center.</p><br>
<p>The cabin is a 15 ft by 12 ft 1-1/2 story frame structure with board-and-batten siding and redwood shingle roof. The roof is very steeply pitched. A small porch fronts the building. It was used as a residence while in the Yosemite Valley. It is now part of an exhibit on the Army administration in the park.</p><br>
<p>The Acting Superintendent&#39;s Headquarters was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on June 9, 1978.</p><br>
<p>Thirakoil  is a village in Tellar  taluk in Tiruvannamalai  district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The major occupation of the people living at this place is agriculture.</p><br>
<h2>Etymology</h2><br>
<p>It is believed that this place got its name from the word "thurugal" (துறுகல்) meaning rock. Later it modified to "thirakol" (திறக்கோல்) then became Thirakoil (திறக்கோயில்).</p><br>
<h2>Information</h2><br>
<p>Name of the Place=Thirakoil</p><br>
<p>Taluk=Tellar</p><br>
<p>District=Tiruvannamalai</p><br>
<p>State=Tamil Nadu</p><br>
<p>Country=India</p><br>
<p>Coordinates=12°279"N 79°2955"E</p><br>
<p>Area=1 km</p><br>
<p>Population=953 (2011)</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>Thirakoil is located 15 km southwest of Vandavasi, 7 km from Ponnur Kundkundar Philosophical Center. Thirakoil hill runs 1 km in northeast direction.</p><br>
<h2>Transportation</h2><br>
<p>Only private bus facilities are available to the nearest place Desur and Kilputhur. One has to walk approximately one km to reach Thirakoil.</p><br>
<h2>Thirakoil Hill and the Digambara Jain Temple</h2><br>
<p>There are three small caves present in the hill. One at the mid-South, other two at west and east side of the hill. These caves were used as Jain abodes during 8th Century.These caves were naturally formed in which Jain Monks lived. There is a monolithic stone of 25 feet high in which idols of four tirthankars (Mahavira, Parshva or Parsavanathar, Rishabha or Kilaku Rishabanathar and Chandranathar) were carved nicely at the four sides. Until the 10th century this place was called Thandapuram (தண்டபுரம்). Raja Raja Chola Is inscriptions of 1007 A. D. quotes these cave abodes as Sankaraippalli (சங்கரைப் பள்ளி) and Mai Sutthappalli (மை சுத்தப் பள்ளி). Bhagavan Mahaviras idol is worshipped at the temple which is recently built.</p><br>
<p>The Milam County Courthouse and Jail are two separate historic county governmental buildings located diagonally opposite each other in Cameron, Milam County, Texas. The Milam County Courthouse, located at 100 South Fannin Avenue, was built in 1890-1892, while the Milam County Jail, now known as the Milam County Museum, was built in 1895. On December 20, 1977, they were added to the National Register of Historic Places as a single entry.</p><br>
<h2>Milam County Courthouse</h2><br>
<p>The Milam County Courthouse, located at 100 South Fannin Avenue, was designed in the Renaissance Revival style of architecture by Austin architect A.O. Watson of the firm of Larmour and Watson. Its east and west facades mirror each other while its north and south facades mirror each other. It was built for $75,000 between 1890 and 1892 by Lee and Plummer, contractors. The cornerstone was dedicated on July 4, 1891 and the building was occupied in April 1892. Built of local stone, it originally consisted of only three stories, but in 1893 it was decided to add a clock tower which was finished in 1895. A statue of Justice was mounted atop the tower. In 1938, however, the clock tower and its statue were removed for safety reasons. In the early 2000s during a restoration of the courthouse, a new clock tower was erected along with a new statue of Justice.</p><br>
<h2>Milam County Jail</h2><br>
<p>The Milam County Jail, located at East Main Street and South Fannin Avenue and now known as the Milam County Museum, was designed in the Romanesque Revival style of architecture and was built in 1895 by the Pauly Jail Building and Manufacturing Company of St. Louis, Missouri, which brought most building supplies from St. Louis. It is a 3-story building redbrick building with many mini-turrets. It is topped by a hanging tower, which was never used. The first floor was used for storage and a residence for the sheriff and his family, while the second and third floors housed prisoners. It was replaced in 1975 for a more modern jail and then became the local historical museum.</p><br>
<p>The McGurk Cabin in Yosemite National Park was the seasonal home of Yosemite cattleman Jack McGurk from 1895 to 1897. Located on the edge of McGurk&#39;s Meadow, just to the north of the Glacier Point Road, the cabin was used by a series of owners beginning with Hugh Davanay, from whom McGurk bought the property in 1895. McGurk was evicted by the Army in 1897 after a dispute over title to the land. The log cabin is a one-room structure, about 14 ft square, with saddle-notched peeled lodgepole pine logs. The only opening is a low door on the south side. The cabin was stabilized in 1958 by Sierra Club volunteers. It is one of the few structures left in the park that remain from the pre-park era.</p><br>
<p>The cabin was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on June 4, 1979.</p><br>
<p>Mount Phillips, formerly called Clear Creek Mountain was renamed in 1960 in honor of the then living Waite Phillips, who donated the area to the Boy Scouts of America. It is located in Colfax County about 11 mi south of Baldy Mountain in the Cimarron Range, a subrange of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains of New Mexico.</p><br>
<h2>Philmont Scout Ranch</h2><br>
<p>Mount Phillips is the second highest peak in Boy Scouts of America&#39;s Philmont Scout Ranch in the central country on the western perimeter. It is an easy hike from Comanche Peak, but it is a much steeper ascent from Clear Creek to its 11,742 ft summit. There are four close trail camps in the area of the summit, but none have water. These are Mount Phillips, Comanche Peak, Thunder Ridge and Red Hills Camps, which, except for Red Hills Camp, are all dry. The staff camp of Clear Creek is the closest camp with water.</p><br>
<h2>Geology</h2><br>
<p>The mountain consists primarily of the metamorphic rock, pink gneiss, which is quite evident as small boulders on the trail. The true summit is marked with a flagpole toward the north side. A few crosses have sprung up in this area, having great meaning to the groups that have erected them. It is scarce of trees and gives great views to the north, east and west. This is not true for the south, due to the gentle incline of the terrain in this direction. From the southern false summit, a good view of Angel Fire Ski Area is possible</p><br>
<p>The John D. and Katherine Gleissner Lustron House is a historic enameled steel prefabricated house in Birmingham, Alabama. Designed and constructed by the Lustron Corporation, this example is one of three confirmed to have been built in Birmingham. Another, the Bernice L. Wright Lustron House, is just one house over from the Gleissner Lustron House.</p><br>
<p>Lustron houses were only produced during a two-year period, with 2,495 known to have been made. Only roughly 2,000 of these are still in existence. Many of those that do remain have been altered significantly. Twenty Lustron houses are known to have been ordered in Alabama, although it is not clear if twenty were erected. Only eleven remained in 2000.</p><br>
<p>The house forms part of the National Register of Historic Places&#39; Lustron Houses in Alabama MPS. It was placed on the National Register on February 24, 2000, due to its architectural significance. The house was slated for demolition in 2015 to make way for a condominium development.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Gleissner Lustron House is an example of Lustrons "Westchester" 3-bedroom model. It retains the original enameled steel roof, wall panels, and "zig-zag" support column, although a wood-frame porch extension has been added to the original porch and all of it screened in. Lustron houses came in several exterior colors. The Gleissner Lustron is in the companys "Desert Tan" color.</p><br>
<p>The Bernice L. Wright Lustron House is a historic enameled steel prefabricated house in Birmingham, Alabama. Designed and constructed by the Lustron Corporation, this example is one of three confirmed to have been built in Birmingham. Another, the John D. and Katherine Gleissner Lustron House, is just one house over from the Wright Lustron House.</p><br>
<p>Lustron houses were only produced during a two-year period, with 2,495 known to have been made. Only roughly 2,000 of these are still in existence. Many of those that do remain have been altered significantly. Twenty Lustron houses are known to have been ordered in Alabama, although it is not clear if twenty were erected. Only eleven remained in 2000.</p><br>
<p>The house forms part of the National Register of Historic Places&#39; Lustron Houses in Alabama MPS. It was placed on the National Register on February 24, 2000, due to its architectural significance. The house is slated for demolition in 2015 to make way for a condominium development.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Wright Lustron House is an example of Lustrons "Westchester" 2-bedroom model. It retains the original enameled steel roof and wall panels. Lustron houses came in several exterior colors, the Wright Lustron is in the companys "Desert Tan" color.</p><br>
<p>The Dr. John R. Drish House, also known simply as the Drish House, is a historic plantation house in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, United States. It is considered by state preservationists to be one of the most distinctive mixes of the Greek Revival and Italianate styles in Alabama. First recorded by the Historic American Buildings Survey in 1934, it was added to the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage on July 31, 1975, and subsequently to the state&#39;s "Places in Peril" listing in 2006. It was listed as Jemison School-Drish House on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015.</p><br>
<h2>Construction</h2><br>
<p>The large stuccoed brick mansion was built at the center of a 450 acre plantation on the edge of town for Dr. John R. Drish in 1837. Drish, a native of Virginia, was among the earliest settlers of Tuscaloosa, settling there in 1822. A widower himself, he married a wealthy widow, Sarah Owen McKinney, in 1835. By that time he had a successful physician&#39;s practice and worked as a building contractor, with many skilled slave artisans. These slaves executed much of the early plasterwork in Tuscaloosa.</p><br>
<p>Built for Drish by his slave artisans, the first early incarnation of the house is usually credited to the influence of state architect William Nichols. The exterior of the house, as completed in 1837, featured full width, monumental Doric porticoes to the front and rear, with two-story pilasters dividing each bay on all four sides.</p><br>
<p>The house was extensively remodeled in the Italianate-style prior to the American Civil War, with a three-story brick tower being added, the front columns changed to the Ionic order, brackets being added to the eaves and overhangs, and two-story cast iron side porches to each side. John Drish died in 1867, reportedly from a fall down a stairway, and Sarah Drish died in 1884.</p><br>
<h2>Subsequent history</h2><br>
<p>The mansion changed hands several times after the death of Sarah Drish; while it was still a residence the surrounding property was sold and subdivided to create Tuscaloosas first major expansion. The structure eventually came to be owned by the Tuscaloosa Board of Education, who opened the Jemison School in the house in 1906. The house continued to be used as a school until 1925, after which it was purchased for use as a parts warehouse for Charles Turners Tuscaloosa Wrecking Company. It was during its use as a parts warehouse that Walker Evans took his famous photograph of it in 1935 or 1936, displayed at the Metropolitan Museum of Art.</p><br>
<p>In 1940, it was purchased by the Southside Baptist Church, which added a sanctuary abutting the house on one side and a detached Sunday school building on the other. The church retained it for the rest of the 20th century. It was eventually threatened by proposed demolition in 1994, but was leased to the Heritage Commission of Tuscaloosa County instead by former church members when the church became defunct in 1995. The house was in a state of disrepair by 2006, when it was added to the "Places in Peril" listing by the Alabama Historical Commission and Alabama Trust For Historic Preservation. It was deeded to the Tuscaloosa County Preservation Society in July 2007; the group has made efforts to stabilize the structure and hopes to raise enough funding for its eventual restoration. They had the church additions demolished in 2009. In 2012 the Drish House was purchased by Nika McCool of Past Horizons LLC. Renovations continued on the exterior and interior of the house through May 2016, when it opened as an event venue.</p><br>
<h2>Folklore</h2><br>
<p>The house has been the site of purported hauntings since the early 20th century. It was featured in Kathryn Tucker Windham and Margaret Gillis Figh’s book 13 Alabama Ghosts and Jeffrey, in the short story "Death Lights in the Tower." Alleged supernatural events over the years have included people reportedly seeing the third-story tower on fire, when no fire is present, and ghostly lights coming out of the house.</p><br>
<p>The Weddle Bridge is a 120 ft long wooden covered bridge in Sweet Home, Oregon, United States. The bridge originally spanned Thomas Creek near Scio but was replaced by a concrete bridge in 1980 and was scheduled to be destroyed in 1987. To save the bridge, local activists staged protests and persuaded former Oregon Senator Mae Yih to help save the bridge. The Oregon Legislative Assembly soon approved the Oregon Covered Bridge Program, which helped pay for covered bridge rehabilitation projects statewide. The Weddle Bridge was the first to receive grants from the program.</p><br>
<p>In 1989, using grant funds as well as funds from local residents, a Sweet Home group called the Cascade Forest Resource Center rebuilt the Weddle Bridge across Ames Creek in Sankey Park. Also assisting in the project were the Covered Bridge Society of Oregon, which raised additional funds, and the Jordan Bridge Company, which had built the Jordan Bridge in Stayton.</p><br>
<p>The bridge was temporarily closed in 2005 after an engineering inspection determined that repairs were necessary. Proceeds from the Oregon Jamboree country music festival and donations of cash or building materials from several businesses and individuals made the repairs possible. The bridge has been used for public events such as fundraisers for breast-cancer detection and related services or for private events such as weddings.</p><br>
<p>The original bridge over Thomas Creek was named for a farmer who lived nearby, but it was also known as the Devaney Bridge for another early resident. Similar in design to other covered bridges along Thomas Creek, the Weddle Bridge featured a Howe truss, segmented portal arches, large side openings, and white board-and-batten siding.</p><br>
<p>The Goyder Lagoon is a large ephemeral swamp in the Australian state of South Australia in the state&#39;s Far North region. The lake is part of the Diamantina River floodplain, lying beside the Birdsville Track close to the state border with Queensland.</p><br>
<p>It is located within the gazetted locality of Clifton Hills Station which is occupied by the pastoral lease of the same name.</p><br>
<p>Exceptionally large floods in the Georgina-Mulligan River system may contribute water to the north-western side of Goyder Lagoon via Eyre Creek and the Warburton River. Most of the lagoon consists of shallow, braided micro-channels. It lies within the Median annual rainfall is 100 – and average maximum summer temperatures are 36 to 39 C.</p><br>
<p>Goyder Lagoon was named in 1875 by J W Lewis after George Goyder, the Surveyor General of South Australia from 1861 to 1894.</p><br>
<h2>Environment protection and other classifications</h2><br>
<p>While Goyder Lagoon itself is not part of any protected area, it does receive consideration for protection under the provisions of state planning legislation on the basis of its location within “a variety of environments including arid and wetland environments, ranges and riverine environments.” It is also located both within an area listed on the Directory of Important Wetlands in Australia as the Diamantina River Wetland System and an area of land nominated as an important bird area by BirdLife International, an international non-governmental organization, as the Goyder Lagoon Important Bird Area.</p><br>
<h3>Diamantina River Wetland System</h3><br>
<p>Goyder Lagoon is located at the southern extent of the Diamantina River Wetland System, which is listed on the Directory of Important Wetlands in Australia because it is considered a “good example of a major, unregulated, arid zone river with a relatively pristine biota, an exceptional hydrological environment and extensive uncultivated floodplains.”</p><br>
<h3>Goyder Lagoon Important Bird Area</h3><br>
<p>Goyder Lagoon is located within an area of 2,684 km&sup2; which has been identified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area (IBA) principally because, when flooded, it supports large numbers of waterbirds, with a total of 170,000 estimated from aerial surveys in 2002. The IBA supports over 1% of the world populations of freckled ducks, gull-billed terns and breeding royal spoonbills. A small population of yellow chats occurs at the Koonchera waterhole. Other bird species for which the site is important include the letter-winged kite, inland dotterel, grey and Eyrean grasswrens, black and pied honeyeaters, gibberbird, banded whiteface, chirruping wedgebill and cinnamon quail-thrush. In particular, the lagoon is reported as being the site of the largest waterbird aggregations which are found on its southern side including several species of cormorants, ducks, herons and ibises.</p><br>
<p>The Morgan Mansion is a historic residence in and the current city hall of Wellston, Ohio, United States. Built in 1905,</p><br>
<p>Morgan entered the iron and coal business in Wellston in 1884, when he established the Wellston Coal and Iron Company. By 1905, he had become sufficiently wealthy to commission the design of his home from leading Columbus architect Wilbur Mills. Mills&#39; design was a brick building with a stone foundation, an asphalt roof, and elements of stone and iron. Rather than being of a single architectural style, the two-and-a-half-story house is a mix of Jacobethan and Spanish Mission Revival architecture. The various structural elements combine to make the Morgan Mansion more architecturally significant than any other building in the city. Morgan himself died just three years after the house was erected.</p><br>
<p>Thirty years after Morgan arranged for its construction, the house was purchased by the city of Wellston and converted into its city hall, a purpose that it continues to serve to the present day. In 1979, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, qualifying both because of its historically significant architecture and its place as the home of a leading local citizen. It is one of three National Register-listed buildings in the city, along with the Clutts House, the home of another prominent mining executive, and the Harvey Wells House, the home of the city&#39;s founder.</p><br>
<p>The Tioga Pass Entrance Station is the primary entrance for travelers entering Yosemite National Park from the east on the Tioga Pass Road. Open only during the summer months, the entrance station consists of two historical buildings, a ranger station and a comfort station, built in 1931 and 1934 respectively. Both are rustic stone structures with peeled log roof structures, and are examples of the National Park Service rustic style employed at the time by the National Park Service. Two log gate structures that had been removed since the sites original construction were rebuilt in 1999; the stone piers that supported them remain. The use of stone at Tioga Pass set a precedent for the extensive employment of stone construction in other park buildings in the Yosemite high country. Civilian Conservation Corps workers assisted in the entrance stations construction.</p><br>
<p>The ranger station is a stone building, about 28 ft square, set into the slope of the hillside with a porch extending across most of the front. The interior features a lobby space with a substantial stone fireplace, along with living quarters consisting of a bedroom, bath and kitchen. The masonry is oversized, with similarly heavy log porch and roof framing. Window lintels are single massive shaped timbers. The bases of the walls step outward in a reverse corbel. The roof is a simple gable. The comfort station is of similar design, with battered (sloping) stone walls, measuring about 11 ft by 26 ft, with a steeper roof pitch and partly hipped gables at the ends.</p><br>
<p>The Tioga Pass Entrance Station was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 14, 1978.</p><br>
<p>Portland Fire Station No. 23 in southeast Portland in the USA state of Oregon is a two-story structure listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Built in Italianate style in 1913, it was added to the register in 1989.</p><br>
<p>Fire Station No. 23 occupies a narrow lot in a block that was known as "Firehouse Row". The lot was the site of one of East Portland&#39;s earliest firehouses, home to Grant Engine Company No. 2 (later Hose Company No. 3) as early as 1884. In 1913, Fire Station No. 23 replaced the earlier building. The rest of the block, dating to the late 19th century, consisted of houses built for firefighters and their families.</p><br>
<p>The rectangular fire station, typical of many Portland Fire Bureau buildings constructed on the east side in the early 20th century, has masonry walls and a flat roof with a full parapet. Exterior features include a facade of buff-colored brick, four wooden doors, arch windows topped by brick voussoirs, a bullseye window, and the original fire station signs. The first floor of the interior originally included the engine room, two offices, a hallway, and a half-bath (toilet and sink). The second floor consisted of a large room in front, with two smaller offices, a kitchen, bathroom, and hallway in back.</p><br>
<p>Lee Gray Holden (1865&ndash;1943) was for many years associated with Fire Station No. 23 and its predecessor building. Although it is not known if he designed this particular building, he is credited with designing 24 Portland firehouses and fire boats. A native of Illinois, he moved to Oregon in 1885 and joined Grant Engine Company No. 2, a volunteer company, in 1887, before East Portland became part of Portland. In 1891, he became the first paid firefighter on the east side. Despite being fired for political reasons by Mayor Sylvester Pennoyer in 1896, he was re-hired as fire battalion chief of the east side in 1898, after Pennoyer left office. Retiring to the mountain community of Zigzag to design and build a hotel in 1908, he returned to Portland in 1911 to become battalion chief of the citys southeast fire district. In that post, he was stationed at Fire Station No. 23 from 1913 to 1923. In 1923, Holden became Portlands assistant fire chief and, three months later, fire chief, a position he held until his retirement in 1927.</p><br>
<p>Peña de los Enamorados  is a mountain near the city of Antequera, Málaga Province, Andalusia, Spain. It reaches a height of 880 metres above sea level.</p><br>
<h2>Name</h2><br>
<p>The mountain was named after a legend from the local oral tradition. The most well-known version of the legend says that two young Moorish lovers from rival clans, a young man from Antequera and girl from nearby Archidona, threw themselves from the rock while being pursued by the girls father and his men. This romantic legend was later adapted by Robert Southey. In his Laila and Manuel the lovers were a Muslim girl and her fathers Christian slave.</p><br>
<p>Christopher Columbus knew of this name. His chronicler, Barholome de Casas copied a log entry from Oct 29, 1492 in which Columus describes what he saw 8 days earlier in Cuba, "Remarking on the position of the river and port, to which he gave the name San Salvador, he described its mountains as lofty and beautiful, like the peña de las enamoradas... ". NB, the mistaken choice of gender by someone, be it the chronicler or the translator, the gender referenced is incorrect.</p><br>
<p>The mountain is also popularly known as "Montaña del Indio" because it looks like the head of an Indian when seen from certain angles.</p><br>
<p>The Yosemite Valley Chapel was built in the Yosemite Valley of California in 1879.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The wooden chapel was designed by San Francisco architect Charles Geddes in the Carpenter Gothic style. It was built by Geddes&#39; son-in-law, Samuel Thompson of San Francisco, for the California State Sunday School Association, at a cost of three or four thousand dollars.</p><br>
<p>The chapel was originally built in the "Lower Village" as called then, its site at the present day trailhead of the Four Mile Trail. The chapel was moved to its present location in 1901, as the old Lower Village dwindled.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>As stipulated in the organization&#39;s application for permission, the chapel is an interdenominational facility. The L-shaped frame chapel covers an area of about 1,470 ft&sup2;. It is clad in board and batten siding with a prominent steeple. It seats about 250 people.</p><br>
<p>The chapel was restored in 1965, when its foundations were raised in response to a 1964 flood, but was damaged in the 1997 Yosemite Valley floods and required repair. The chapel was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 12, 1973.</p><br>
<p>The Yosemite Village Historic District encompasses the primary built-up section of the Yosemite Valley as it was developed by the National Park Service for Yosemite National Park. The district includes visitor services areas, park personnel residences and administrative facilities. It is located to the north of the Merced River. The district includes the National Historic Landmark Rangers&#39; Club.</p><br>
<h2>Settlement</h2><br>
<p>The Yosemite Village area was settled beginning about 1865, when James Mason Hutchings built a so-called winter cabin for his family as a permanent residence. Hutchings was a successful publisher, and had visited the valley as a tourist in 1855. Nine years later he moved there, successfully lobbying the federal government to cede the valley to the State of California as a park. Hutchings built a mill and planted an apple orchard. No buildings remain from the Hutchings place, but apple trees and a depression that may have been a mill flume remain. The present built-up area was established in 1918, and includes several older buildings that were moved to Yosemite Village from elsewhere. Four buildings were built by the USA Army during its tenure as the custodian of Yosemite National Park prior to the establishment of the National Park Service. The other buildings were built from 1918 on as the Park Service moved personnel and services out of the old Yosemite Village that had grown awkwardly around the Sentinel Hotel in the middle of the valley. Most of the structures in the historic district are houses. A portion of the park&#39;s administrative district is included in the historic district, including the park headquarters. The period of development in the historic district extends until 1951.</p><br>
<h3>John Muir</h3><br>
<p>J.M. Hutchings had bought a hotel near the present historic district in 1863. In 1869 he hired John Muir to mill wood from downed trees for new cabins. Muir stayed at first with the Hutchings, then built his own cabin. The location of this cabin is not known with certainty, but is believed to be within the historic district. Muir lived in the cabin for two years, during which time he developed his philosophy of wildland preservation.</p><br>
<h2>Significant structures</h2><br>
<p>The most significant building in the historic district is the Rangers&#39; Club, built at the personal expense of Park Service director Stephen T. Mather in 1924 to house rangers. The National Historic Landmark structure is an early example of the National Park Service rustic style in the park.</p><br>
<p>Early residences used wood shingles and natural materials, and were rustic in character. From the mid-1920s, following the construction of the Rangers Club, houses were more explicitly rustic. The Park Superintendents Residence was built a little apart from the other houses in 1912 by the Army. The Superintendent&#39;s Residence was extensively remodeled in the 1920s to National Park Service rustic standards. The residential district was laid out in an informal style by Park Service landscape architect Charles Punchard.</p><br>
<p>Non-residential buildings include the Administration Building (1924) designed by architect Myron Hunt, the Post Office (1925), and the Museum Building or Valley District Building (1926), both designed by Park Service architect Herbert Maier. All are rustic in character. Other buildings in the area include the Pohono Indian Studio (1925), which is used as a gift shop, and the Ansel Adams Gallery, a complex of five buildings incorporating what was first known as Best&#39;s Studio.</p><br>
<p>The Yosemite Village district was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 30, 1978.</p><br>
<p>Tautira Bay   is located on the island of Tahiti in French Polynesia. It is part of the commune Taiarapu-Est. It is formed by Tautira Point and reef on the eastern side, and by the barrier reef on the western side. It is reached through a gap in the reef about half a mile wide, with deep water, with Tautira point giving it protection from winds from north-east.It is 0.5 mi wide and about the same depth. The bay opens to the northwest, affording protection with winds from northeastward through east and south to west-northwestward, but can be dangerous with those between north and west-northwestward. James Cook anchored several times in this bay, from which circumstance the name is derived. The depth in the middle of the entrance is from 35 to 60 fathoms, diminishing gradually to the shore. The bay is clear, except a small patch of 2 fathoms 600 ft southward of the point of reef on the western side. The eastern and southeastern shore is lined with a sandy beach. The best anchorage is at about 1,200 ft from the shore in 8.5 fathoms, sand, with the extreme of Tautira Point bearing 45°.</p><br>
<p>The harbor in Tautira Bay is Te-&#39;afa ("the crack"). Port Pihaa is the deep basin, from 1,800 - wide and 1.5 mi long, between the barrier reef and the shore, extending from Tautira Bay to Pihaa Point, with depths nearly everywhere of from 16 to 19 fathoms, sand and mud. There are two openings into this port, that from the eastward from Tautira Bay being 600 ft wide, but divided by a small 2-fathom patch; the other from the westward, from Taharoa Pass, is only about 60 yards wide.</p><br>
<p>The Awbury Historic District is a historic area in the East Germantown neighborhood of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>The district comprises the former summer homes and farms of the extended Cope family, who moved to the area starting in 1849. The district includes the entire Awbury Arboretum, which occupies most of the district&#39;s area, as well as adjacent properties developed and occupied by Henry Cope (1793-1865), son and successor to prominent Philadelphia Orthodox Quaker merchant Thomas Pym Cope (1768-1854), his close relatives, and his descendants.</p><br>
<p>The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2001. In 2010 it was added to the Philadelphia Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Contributing properties</h2><br>
<p>There are 31 contributing buildings, including 24 homes, as well as other buildings.</p><br>
<p>Awbury Arboretum</p><br>
<p>Francis Cope House (1860)</p><br>
<p>Jonathan & Rachel Cope Evans House (1872)</p><br>
<p>Alexis T. & Elizabeth Cope House (1882-3)</p><br>
<p>Cope/Evans Double Houses (1885-6)</p><br>
<p>William Draper Lewis House (ca. 1892-3)</p><br>
<p>Alfred G. & Mary Scattergood house (1909)</p><br>
<p>William C. Kimber house (1914)</p><br>
<p>Shippen & Esther Lewis house (1921)</p><br>
<p>The Yosemite Valley Bridges are eight bridges in the Yosemite Valley of Yosemite National Park, most of them spanning the Merced River. Five of them were built in 1928, with the remainder built between 1921 and 1933. The bridges feature a concrete structure faced with local stone, in an elliptical or three-centered arch configuration. They are notable for their uniform character and for their conformance to tenets of the National Park Service rustic style. Design work for the seven newer bridges was by George D. Whittle of the San Francisco District Office of the USA Bureau of Public Roads for the National Park Service. Concrete bridges were chosen at the urging of Thomas Chalmers Vint of the Park Service, in lieu of alternative designs for steel truss bridges, or suspension bridges suggested by the park superintendent.</p><br>
<h2>Individual bridges</h2><br>
<p>The Yosemite Creek Bridge is the oldest, carrying the North Road and spanning Yosemite Creek below Yosemite Falls. Built in 1922, it spans 50 ft in a single arch of reinforced concrete faced with granite. The bridge is 24 ft wide, and was built at a cost of $32,000. The bridge originally featured lanterns on the buttresses at either end of the bridge.</p><br>
<p>The Ahwanee Bridge was built in 1928 across the Merced with three arches, one spanning 42 ft and the others spanning 39 ft, for a total length of 122 ft. The bridge is 39 ft wide with a 27 ft roadway, a 5 ft sidewalk and a 7 ft bridle path. It carries the Mirror Lake Road, framing a view of Half Dome for eastbound traffic. Cost was $59,913.09.</p><br>
<p>The Clark Bridge was also built in 1928 with a single 75.5 ft semi-elliptical main span flanked by two round-arched subways for horse-and-rider traffic, 7 ft wide by 11 ft high through the bridge&#39;s abutments. Cost was $40,061.22. The bridge carries the 27 ft Curry Stables Road, a 5 ft sidewalk and a 7 ft bridle path.</p><br>
<p>The Pohono Bridge (1928) spans 80 ft, carrying the 27 ft El Portal Road and a 5 ft bridle path, at a cost of $29,081.55.</p><br>
<p>The Sugar Pine Bridge (1928), also historically known as the Kenneyville Bridge No. 2, spans 106 ft at a five-degree skew across the river, with a 27 ft roadway, a 5 ft sidewalk and a 7 ft sidewalk. It carries the Mirror Lake Road. The longest span of the eight bridges, the cost was $73,507.44. The bridge was named for a large sugar pine that grew to the north of the east bridge abutment.</p><br>
<p>The Tenaya Creek Bridge (1928) spans Tenaya Creek with a single 56.75 ft arch at a 25-degree skew on the Happy Isles-Mirror Lake Road. The bridge carries the standard roadway, bridle path and sidewalk. Cost was $37,749.16.</p><br>
<p>The Happy Isles Bridge on the Happy Isles Road was built in 1929 with one span of 75 ft and two equestrian subways in its abutments similar to those of the Clark Bridge, its near twin. The bridge&#39;s total length is 126 ft. Cost was $46,673.03.</p><br>
<p>The Stoneman Bridge (1933) resembles the Clark and Happy Isles bridges, with a 72 ft main span carrying a 27 ft road and two 6 ft sidewalks. The equestrian subways in the abutments were slightly enlarged in width to 8.5 ft and were extended out from the surface of the wing walls for greater emphasis. It is located at the Camp Curry intersection. Cost was $71,675.08.</p><br>
<p>The bridges were listed as a historic district on the National Register of Historic Places on November 25, 1977.</p><br>
<h2>Future Status</h2><br>
<p>The National Park Service will release a Draft Environmental Impact Statement for their Merced River Plan in October 2012. The DEIS may contain a proposal to remove the Stoneman, Ahwahnee, and Sugar Pine bridges. The Merced River was included into the Wild and Scenic River system by congress and signed into law by President Reagan in 1987. The NPS is required to consider several alternatives before implementing a final plan to maintain a free flowing river as described in the law. One option being considered is the removal of the three bridges, but it is not certain the bridge removal option will be included in the Merced River Plan DEIS. Once the DEIS is released, there will be a 90-day public comment period.</p><br>
<p>The Wawona Covered Bridge is a covered bridge spanning the South Fork of the Merced River near Wawona, California in Yosemite National Park. The bridge was built by Galen Clark, the steward of what was then called the Yosemite Grant, in 1868, without its cladding. The bridge was a major component of Clark&#39;s proposed new road from Wawona to the Yosemite Valley. Clark was unable to complete the road, which he sold to the Washburn Group of investors along with the Wawona Hotel. The Washburn Group completed the road to the Yosemite Valley in 1879. It is one of twelve remaining covered bridges in California.</p><br>
<h2>Covered bridge</h2><br>
<p>The modified queen post truss was covered with Douglas fir cladding in 1878, enclosing the Ponderosa pine structure and its iron tie rods. The bridge served automobile traffic until 1937, when a new bridge was built about 200 m to the southwest. The bridge was repaired by Civilian Conservation Corps labor the same year. In 1955 the bridge was damaged by flooding. Marked for replacement on account of the damage and its poor general condition, the bridge was instead reconstructed after National Park Service landscape architect Thomas Chalmers Vint intervened in its favor. Work was funded as part of the Park Service&#39;s Mission 66 program, using the bridge as the centerpiece of an interpretive exhibit on the history of the Wawona area. The Pioneer Yosemite History Center was established nearby. The bridge was repaired, with damaged elements replaced in kind. Since 1957 the bridge has had a number of repairs and replacements as materials have deteriorated.</p><br>
<p>The Old Isle of Wight Courthouse was built in 1750-51 and was used as the main courthouse for Isle of Wight County, Virginia until a new courthouse was built at Isle of Wight, Virginia in 1800. It is located in the Historic District in the town of Smithfield.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>During its 50 years of use as the county courthouse, it was considered the center of life in Isle of Wight and in the town of Smithfield, which was incorporated in 1752. It was constructed by William Rand, and featured a distinctive semi-circular apse and conical roof found in many English churches of the period and echoing the Colonial Capitol in Williamsburg. An adjacent clerk&#39;s office was constructed in 1799, although it was only in use for its intended purpose for a year, before the new courthouse at Isle of Wight was constructed.</p><br>
<p>The old Smithfield courthouse was later modified into a family residence. To do so, the arcade was blocked and the roof converted to a gable.</p><br>
<h2>Preservation</h2><br>
<p>The courthouse and clerk&#39;s office were acquired by Preservation Virginia in 1938 and an extensive restoration project was completed in 1959.</p><br>
<p>A second restoration of the courthouse was undertaken in the late 1990s with the help of Colonial Williamsburg consultants and craftsmen, in which the interior was modified to more accurately recreate the appearance of a typical Virginia courthouse of the period.</p><br>
<p>The building is one of four remaining examples of arcaded colonial courthouses.</p><br>
<p>In 2013, ownership passed from Preservation Virginia to the non-profit Historic Smithfield. A semi-independent committee within Historic Smithfield known as 1750 Isle of Wight Courthouse raises money for the continued maintenance and restoration of the building and makes it available to the public, free of charge, year-round.</p><br>
<p>The Hodgdon Homestead Cabin was built by Jeremiah Hodgdon in 1879 in the Aspen Valley area of what became Yosemite National Park. The two-story log cabin, measuring 22 ft by 30 ft, was located in an inholding in the park, owned by Hodgdon&#39;s descendants. In the 1950s the family proposed to demolish the structure. The National Park Service acquired it and moved it to its Pioneer Yosemite History Center at Wawona, where the restored cabin is part of an exhibit on early settlement and development of the Yosemite area. In addition to housing Hogdon, the cabin housed workers on the Great Sierra Wagon Road in the 1880s, as a patrol cabin for USA Army troops who managed the new national park in the 1890s, and as a historic landmark at the old Aspen Valley Resort.</p><br>
<p>The cabin is built of peeled logs, saddle-notched, with split log wedge chinking. A shed addition to the rear gives the structure the shape of a saltbox and is a frame structure covered with wood shingles. The cabin is fronted by a porch.</p><br>
<p>The Hodgdon Cabin was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on June 9, 1978.</p><br>
<p>The Chris Jorgensen Studio is a one-room log building, built in 1904 as an artists studio for Chris Jorgensen in the Yosemite Valley. Jorgensen, an instructor and assistant director of the California School of Fine Arts, arrived in Yosemite in the 1890s. Jorgensen studied and depicted local Native Americans from 1899, collecting native basketwork. The National Park Service acquired the Jorgensen Studio in 1919, calling it the Yosemite Museum. Jorgensen donated his basket collection to the museum in 1923. Jorgensens widow, Angela Ghiardelli, donated many of Jorgensen&#39;s works to the museum following his death in 1935.</p><br>
<p>From the 1920s the Park Service worked to remove what were regarded as intrusive structures in the center of the valley. The Jorgensen Studio was moved to the Wawona area in 1962 to become part of the Pioneer Yosemite History Center as part of a Mission 66 program to assemble historic structures at the location.</p><br>
<p>The one story cabin measures 22 ft by 37 ft with a steep gable roof that extends beyond the front of the cabin to form a porch. The gable over the porch is decorated by a vertical log infill pattern, with a sleeping loft within. a massive stone fireplace dominates the left side elevation</p><br>
<p>The Jorgensen Studio was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on April 13, 1979.</p><br>
<p>The Bagby Stationhouse, Water Tanks and Turntable are associated with the Yosemite Valley Railroad , which ran from Merced, California to El Portal at the entrance to Yosemite National Park. The railroad operated from 1907 to 1945.</p><br>
<p>The structures now located at El Portal were built in Bagby, and were moved from that location in 1966 when the townsite was to be inundated by the filling of Lake McClure behind New Exchequer Dam.</p><br>
<h2>Stationhouse</h2><br>
<p>Bagby Stationhouse is a rectangular wood frame structure measuring 16 ft by 40 ft. The two-story building was designed for a narrow site between the railroad tracks and the Merced River at Bagby. The hipped roof overhangs by 3 ft. The downstairs portion of the station comprises three rooms, a waiting room at one and a freight room at the other, separated by an office. The second floor was built as living accommodations for the stationmaster, with a living room, bedroom, kitchen, bath and enclosed porch. The station is now used by the Yosemite Conservancy.</p><br>
<h2>Water tanks</h2><br>
<p>There are two water tanks at El Portal, salvaged from Bagby. The wood tanks stand on a timber structure and are 30 ft high overall. A gabled standing seam metal roof runs over both tanks, whose wood sides are held with iron bands. The support framing is 12" x 12" timber.</p><br>
<h2>Turntable</h2><br>
<p>The turntable was built at Bagby. It is reputed to be the last manually operated gallows-frame standard-gauge turntable left in the United States. The turntable was built of heavy timber, tied together with iron rods. The central gallows is a 16 ft timber frame, with a king post truss composed of one-inch iron rods from the frame to the ends of the turntable.The turntable pivoted on wheels running on a single circular rail, 8 ft in diameter.</p><br>
<p>The structures are located on National Park Service-owned property in El Portal, just outside Yosemite National Park proper, and are administered by the park. The ensemble was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on April 13, 1979.</p><br>
